Dress
Shot silk, velvet, lace
British
Design
This dress has been constructed with the ‘princess line’, a landmark development in fashionable dressmaking. In the mid-1870s, dresses began to be tailored with vertical darts and seams, removing the need for waist seams. The form became known as the princess line in dresses, or the cuirass in jackets and bodices extending over the hip.

The cuirass was an extremely figure-hugging style, credited as the first ‘body-con’ fashion. Its height of popularity was around 1876 to 1879 and may have been responsible for Charles Blanc’s comment.
To hide and yet display, or rather to indicate and yet not disclose, are the two objects of the bodice… what is concealed is yet that which it is most wished to display.
Charles Blanc, Art and Ornament, 1875
The dark purple colour of the dress would have been suited for wear in an urban environment, while the full sleeves and high neckline indicate this was a day dress. Lighter and more frivolous styles were worn at seaside resorts or horse racing events, for example, where there was more social freedom for experimenting with dress.
Craft Skills
The British-born couturier Charles Frederick Worth is credited with the innovation of ‘princess line’ tailoring, which followed the mid-century fashion for voluminous crinoline dresses. These trained skirts were held towards the back of the legs by internal ties, and supported by starched petticoat frills, a precursor to bustles.
The tight fit of the princess line forced changes in underwear. In 1873 the ‘spoon’ busk corset was invented, claiming to be less harmful to the abdomen by spreading pressure, yet still smoothing and flattening the stomach. Combination knickers and vest also became increasingly popular, and were sometimes worn under chamois leather underwear, to smooth and restrain the figure.
Social Culture